Style Sheet

Please read these style guidelines carefully. Putting your manuscript into Kritika style will be much appreciated and will significantly aid the editorial process.

Please double-space all documents, including block quotations. In published form the articles and reviews will have footnotes. In reviews, please supply page references to the book(s) under review as in-text citations and reserve footnotes for references to other works.

General Style

Kritika follows The Chicago Manual of Style, 18th ed., Webster’s Eleventh Collegiate Dictionary for spelling, and strict Library of Congress transliteration of Russian in most cases. However, please do not include the small joining arcs over Russian letters rendered as pairs in English (ia, iu, sh, etc.) favored in some LOC transliteration schemes; these will be stripped out during editing.

Specific Style Points

Opener

1. Title. The title of your paper should be short and descriptive of the content.
2. Your name and affiliation. Your name should follow the title; mailing and e-mail addresses should come at the end of the text.

Text

1. Names. Use full names (optionally, in the case of Russians, double initials) on first mention in both text and notes of all figures treated in depth or who might otherwise be confused with other persons with the same initials and for the authors/editors of books under review (i.e., listed in the bibliographical information at the front of the review). After the first mention, the last name can be used.
   
   Example (first mention in text): Ivan Ivanov, I. I. Ivanov
   Example (second mention): Ivanov
   
   If necessary for identification, as is often the case with aristocrats in the Muscovite or imperial periods, please supply patronymics as well on first mention.  In notes, use double initials for Russians and the form of the name used in the publication for non-Russians.
   
2. Transliteration. Russian names should generally be written in transliterated form (e.g., “Gor´kii,” not “Gorky”). Exceptions include emperors and empresses, émigrés (Boris Bakhmeteff), and Russians whose names are foreign in origin (Alexander Herzen) or have a generally accepted form that may be difficult to recognize from the Russian original (Boris Yeltsin). When a Russian publication includes non-Russian authors, please give both the transliterated and the Latin form, as follows: Iokhan Khell´bek [Jochen Hellbeck].
   
3. Foreign words. Foreign words should be translated whenever possible. Those that must remain in a foreign language should be in italics and transliterated according to the Library of Congress system of transliteration. do not italicize words that appear in Merriam-Webster’s (e.g., gubernia, oblast, perestroika) and use those forms in preference to strict transliteration (oblast, not oblast´).
   
4. Numbers. Numbers from one to one hundred and round numbers up to one thousand should be written out; use numerals for all others. Exceptions: If the number is the first word in the sentence, it should be written out, regardless of size (Eight hundred men went to the army). Except for the first word, if one number is in numerals, all other numbers of that type in the same sentence should be in numerals, regardless of size (The military equipment sent to the three camps included 15 tanks, 2 planes, and 100 pieces of artillery—note that three, which is not part of the series, is written out). Spell out century numbers (nineteenth century).
   
5. Dates. Kritika uses day month year (1 October 2003).

Figures and Tables

We do not have the capacity to run color graphics in print, although we can use them in ebooks and the PDFs we send to Project MUSE. Figures should be submitted in separate files as camera-ready copy; if scanning, please use 300dpi resolution and save as a TIFF, PNG, or JPG file. Images downloaded from the Internet, unless from accredited photography sites, are rarely usable in print. Be sure to supply figure captions, source information, and permission to republish or an indication that the material is in the public domain. It is the author’s responsibility to secure any necessary permissions and to pay any associated fees. Tables can be included in the file if set up using Word’s Table feature or submitted as camera-ready copy in separate files if you are not using Word. In either case, please let us know in your accompanying message/cover letter how you created your figures and tables. When graphics are submitted as separate files, mark where you would like them to appear in your text (<FIG. 1 NEAR HERE>), and we will match your placement as closely as possible.

Footnotes

Please include publishers, including Russian publishers, in the notes!

1. First reference to books, articles, etc. Always give the complete name, title, place, publisher, date, and page number cited. Later references should be shortened. Please do not use not op. cit., idem, or ibid.
   
   Example (first reference): Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto, trans. Leon Sally (New York: Workers’ Press, 1987), 89.
   Example (second reference): Marx, Communist Manifesto, 45.
   
2. Archival materials. In references to archives, write out the full name of the archive in the language of the country in which it is located at the first reference and thereafter cite it by the standard acronym. In reference to Russian archives give the fond, opis´, delo, and list as f., op., d., and l. (ll.). Please identify fonds and documents on first use, if possible.
   
   Example (first reference): Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi sotsial´no-politicheskii arkhiv (RGASPI) f. 1 (Personal papers of V. I. Lenin), op. 1, d. 336, l. 4 (letter to L. D. Trotskii, 1 October 1913).
   Example (second reference): RGASPI f. 1, op. 1, d. 336, l. 4.
   Example (first reference to another source from the same archive): “V Sekretatiat TsK VKP(b). Dokladnaia zapiska o rabote komissii pri Prezidiume TsIK Soiuza SSR po organizatsii i provedeniiu prazdnovaniia 10-letiia Oktiabr´skoi revoliutsii,” no earlier than 7 March 1927 (RGASPI f. 495, op. 99, d. 22, l. 7).
   
   Please note that, although the Kritika editors recognize that one form of archival citation does not fit all types of sources, the above example gives readers a much greater appreciation of the documentation you are citing than simply listing it as “RGASPI f. 495, op. 99, d. 22, l. 7.”
   
3. Dissertations. For references to dissertations, please use the following style:
   
   Example (first reference): Paul W. Werth, “Subjects for a Modern Empire: Orthodox Mission and Imperial Governance in the Volga–Kama Region, 1825–1917” (PhD diss., University of Michigan, 1997), 22–23. 
   Example (second reference): Werth, “Subjects for a Modern Empire,” 45.
   
4. Page and chapter numbers. For books and later references to all types of citations, give page numbers after a comma without “p.” or “pp.” In first full citations to journal articles, use a comma to separate volume and issue number, and a colon to set off the page numbers (see examples in “Page number series,” below). Use “chap.” or “chaps.” to abbreviate chapters (not “ch.”, “chs.”, “Ch.”, or “Chs.”).
   
   Example (first reference): Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto, trans. Leon Sally (New York: Workers’ Press, 1987), 34.
   Example (second reference): Marx, Communist Manifesto, 101–23.
   
5. Page number series. Series of page numbers over 100 should read as follows: 333–56, not 333–356. The exception applies to numbers under ten.
   
   But 104–5, not 104–05 , and 200–201, not 200–1.
   
6. Names. Please provide double initials (with a space between them) of Russian authors on first citation.
   
   Example (first reference): I. V. Stalin, Dialectical and Historical Materialism (New York: International Publishers, 1940), 87.
   Example (second reference): Stalin, Dialectical and Historical Materialism, 334–45.
   
7. Publishers. As noted above, whenever possible provide publishers of all printed works on first citation of the work.
   
   Example (first reference): John A. Smith, The Patterns of Russian History (New York: Signet Press, 1999), 87.
   Example (second reference): Smith, Patterns of Russian History, 65–78.
   
8. Journal article citation. Whenever possible, provide number (issue) and year of a journal article in addition to the volume.
   
   Example (first reference): Frederick Cooper, “Conflict and Connection: Rethinking Colonial African History,” American Historical Review 99, no. 5 (1994): 1527.
   Example (Second reference): Cooper, “Conflict and Connection,” 1545.
   
   If no issue number is available, please provide month or season instead: Past and Present 263 (May 2024): 22.
   
9. Journal articles without volume numbers. For periodicals that do not regularly provide volume numbers, such as Russian journals, you may put a “no.” preceded by a comma.
   
   Example (first reference): V. A. Beliaev, “‘Sluzhit´ rodine prikhoditsia kostiami…’ Dnevnik N. V. Ustrialova 1935–1937 gg.,” Istochnik, no. 5–6 (1998): 3–100.
   Example (second reference): Beliaev, “‘Sluzhit´ rodine prikhoditsia kostiami,’” 87.
   
10. Edited volumes. Exact usage varies depending on the situation.
    1. If a collection of essays is cited without reference to a particular item therein, then the proper order of citation should be: Editor(s), ed(s)., Title, etc.
       
       Example: John A. Smith and George P. Howard, eds., The Meaning of History (New York: Academic Press, 2000).
    2. If an edition of a primary text is cited, then the order is: Author, Title, ed. Editor(s), etc. (Note that in this case and the next, ed. stands for “edited by” and thus is never eds.)
       
       Example: V. I. Lenin, Lenin on the Jewish Question, ed. Hyman Lumer (New York: International Publishers, 1974).
       
    3. If an article in a collection is cited, then the order should be: Article Author, “Article Title,” in Collection Title, ed. Editor(s), etc.
       
       Example: Samuel P. Wells, “An Analysis of the Notion of Historical Recurrence,” in The Meaning of History, ed. John A. Smith and George P. Howard (New York: Academic Press, 2000), 23–45.
11. Abbreviations in notes. Please do not use ff. or passim. Give exact page numbers or page ranges instead. Where more than one work by an author is cited in a single footnote, identify
    that author by last name rather than using idem.
12. Newspaper citations. Please include article titles and, whenever possible, page numbers. For online references, include the website address. When newspapers and other periodicals are mentioned in running text, an initial The that appears on the masthead or cover or is otherwise considered part of the official title is usually capitalized and italicized along with the title of the publication.
13. Note placement. Notes should be at the end of sentences.
14. Use postal-style abbreviations for states in citations (CT; NY; Washington, DC, etc.). Such abbreviations are required for most towns below the “world city” level (Princeton, NJ; Stanford, CA; but New York, London, Paris) or when needed to avoid confusion (London, ON; Cambridge, MA). Another exception is for university presses named after the states in which they are located (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press).

General

• the Communist Party (but communist parties); the party; communist(s); communist countries; communism
• locations—capitalize Province, Governorate, Region, District after a name but lower-case their Russian equivalents (e.g., Saratov Province but Saratov oblast)
• titles—capitalize when followed by a name (e.g., Tsar Nicholas but the tsar)
• US (adj.); United States (n.)
• prefixes: close up in most cases (e.g., postcommunist) unless the result is difficult to read (prereform)
• spell out contractions (e.g., is not)
• extracts—run in if fewer than one hundred words
• St. Petersburg (not Saint Petersburg)

Publisher Information

Kritika is published by:
Slavica Publishers
Indiana University 
1430 North Willis Drive
Bloomington, IN 47404-2146 USA

Toll-free 1-877-SLAVICA (752-8422)
Tel. 1-812-856-4186
Fax 1-812-856-4187
slavica@indiana.edu; www.slavica.com